Biochemical and Physiological Characterization of Ralstonia Solanacearum Causing Bacterial Wilt of Tomato
Keywords:
Bacterial wilt, Tomato, biochemical, physiological, characterization, <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>.Abstract
Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) is a destructive and prevalent soilborne disease that limits tomato production in the tropics, subtropics, and warm temperate regions of the world. The present studies physiological, biochemical and pathogenicity tests were conducted to characterize R. solanacearum. The bacterium showed positive reaction in simple staining as purple coloured rod shaped cells, in potassium hydroxide solubility test the bacterium formed thick mucoid slime thread on reacting with KOH solution, in gelatin liquification the bacterium inoculated test tubes failed to solidify in comparison to control, among test conducted for utilization of sugars viz., maltose, lactose, cellobiose, sorbitol, mannitol and dulcitol the change in colour was observed from green to yellow, in dole and H S production test also showed positive reaction as there 2 was turbid growth around stab and formation of black precipitates was observed. In case of starch hydrolysis, absence of colourless halo around the bacterial streak was observed and in gram staining the bacterium appeared as pink coloured rod-shaped cells which indicated the negative reaction. The pathogenicity test was conducted by three methods viz., soil drenching method, stem inoculation method and seedling root dip method containing bacterial suspension of 108 cfu/ml to study the virulent behaviour of Ralstonia solanacearum. Among all methods the initial symptoms of disease development were observed within 5-6 days of inoculation. The initial symptoms produced were flaccid appearance of leaves due to loss of turgidity which further progressed as drooping of leaves and complete wilting of plants. However, the drooping of leaves was observed in 15 days by stem inoculation method, followed by 14 days by seedling root dip inoculation method and 12 days by drench inoculation method.Downloads
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