The potential use of tea seed and tea seed saponins in ruminants and poultry nutrition - A review
Keywords:
Camellia, meat quality, methane emission, rumen fermentation, tea saponin and tea seedAbstract
The use of antibiotics as a feed additive in livestock feeding is controversial due to emergence of antibioticresistant strains that pose threat to both animal and human health. Phytochemicals such as saponins, have been tried as potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics for use as growth promoters in livestock and poultry feeding. Tea saponins are triterpenoids distributed in the roots, stems, leaves and seeds of the Camellia plant. Recent studies indicate that saponins derived from tea seed have the potential to increase feed digestibility and reduce methane emissions in ruminants. Tea seed saponins (TSS) improve rumen fermentation by killing protozoa and modulate rumen metabolism by influencing ruminal bacteria and fungi. Supplementation of tea seed saponins in animals feeding have shown to decrease the total blood cholesterol and trigyceride, increase the HDL–Cholesterol and improve the meat quality. Tea seed have been safely used in animal feeding in the form of tea seed meal (also known as tea seed cake) with variable results. This review article enriches our knowledge about tea seed and tea seed saponins from various aspects and encourages more future studies on rumen fermentation pattern and meat quality for enhancing animal production and contributing to environmental protection.Downloads
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