Integration of Parasitoid, Encarsia formosa Gahan in Greenhouse Whitefly Management Programme in Tomato under Protected Environment
Keywords:
<i>Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Encarsia formosa</i>, Greenhouse Whitefly, Natural Products, Management programme.Abstract
Encarsia formosa, an endoparasitoid of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum was incorporated for its management programme in tomato grown under protected environment. Whitefly management programme comprised mass trapping of whitefly adults by using yellow sticky traps, potassium (K) nutrition (@125% of RDF), inoculative release of E. formosa, preventive use of insecticides and natural products comprising soil application of imidacloprid (0.009%), foliar application of azadirachtin (0.0003%) and alternate foliar application of Tamarlassi (10%) and cow urine (5%) and need based curative use of chemical insecticides. The integrated measures proved efficacious in checking population build-up of T. vaporariorum. The evaluated treatments as preventive measures resulted in adult population to vary from 0.01 to 1.51 adults /leaf, being well below the economic threshold level of 5 adults/ leaf. Population was minimum in soil application of imidacloprid (0.009%) followed by foliar application of azadirachtin (0.0003%) and alternate application of Tamarlassi (10%) and cow urine (5%). Fruit yield was significantly higher in the treatment comprising alternate foliar application of Tamarlassi (10%) and cow urine (5%) followed by the yield obtained in soil application of imidacloprid (0.009%).Downloads
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